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Actinomycosis in animalsAlcelaphine herpesvirus 2Aleutian DiseaseAlopecia in animalsAnthroponotic diseaseBalanoposthitisBald sea urchin diseaseBerserk llama syndromeBesnoitiosisBiliary feverBladder stone (animal)Blain (animal disease)BrucellosisCamelpoxChlamydophila abortusChronic wasting diseaseChrysosporiumCoccidiaCopper deficiencyDDislocation of hip in animalsEbola virus diseaseEbolavirusElephant endotheliotropic herpesvirusEndometrosisEpilepsy in animalsEpizooticFasciola giganticaFasciola hepaticaFasciolosisFilariasisF cont.FiloviridaeFloppy trunk syndromeFoot-and-mouth diseaseFusariumHalofolliculina corallasiaHead pressingHoose (disease)Hot spot (veterinary medicine)Impaction (animals)ImposexInfectious necrotic hepatitisInfluenzaListeriosis in animalsLloviu cuevavirusLymphocytic choriomeningitisLymphoma in animalsMalignant edemaMammary tumorMarburg marburgvirusMarburg virus diseaseMarburgvirusMetritisMink enteritis virusMononegaviralesMyopia in animalsNeonatal isoerythrolysisPachyostosisPanzooticPhotosensitivity in animalsPneumonia (non-human)Quarantine tankQuokkapox virusRRavn virusRenibacterium salmoninarumReston virusSchistosoma nasaleScurvySea star wasting diseaseSevere combined immunodeficiency (non-human)Skeletal eroding bandSticky mouseSubvalvular aortic stenosis (non-human)Sudan ebolavirusSudan virusSurraSylvaticTaï Forest ebolavirusTaï Forest virusToxascaris leoninaTransmissible mink encephalopathyTyzzer's diseaseVeterinary virologyWhite pox diseaseWildlife diseaseWobbly hedgehog syndromeZaire ebolavirusZoonosisZoophilia and health

Civil engineering is arguably the oldestengineering discipline. It deals with the built environment and canbe dated to the first time someone placed a roof over his or herhead or laid a tree trunk across a river to make it easier to getacross.The built environment encompasses much of what defines moderncivilization. Buildings and bridges are often the firstconstructions that come to mind, as they are the most conspicuouscreations of structural engineering, one of civil engineering'smajor sub-disciplines. Roads, railroads, subway systems, andairports are designed by transportation engineers, another categoryof civil engineering. And then there are the less visible creationsof civil engineers. Every time you open a water faucet, you expectwater to come out, without thinking that civil engineers made itpossible. New York City has one of the world’s most impressivewater supply systems, receiving billions of gallons of high-qualitywater from the Catskills over one hundred miles away. Similarly,not many people seem to worry about what happens to the water afterit has served its purposes. The old civil engineering discipline ofsanitary engineering has evolved into modern environmentalengineering of such significance that most academic departmentshave changed their names to civil and environmentalengineering.These few examples illustrate that civil engineers do a lot morethan design buildings and bridges. They can be found in theaerospace industry, designing jetliners and space stations; in theautomotive industry, perfecting the load-carrying capacity of achassis and improving the crashworthiness of bumpers and doors; andthey can be found in the ship building industry, the powerindustry, and many other industries wherever constructed facilitiesare involved. And they plan and oversee the construction of thesefacilities as construction managers.Civil engineering is an exciting profession because at the endof the day you can see the results of your work, whether this is acompleted bridge, a high-rise building, a subway station, or ahydroelectric dam.Please look at the Web pages of our individual faculty membersto learn more about their special interests as examples of whatcivil engineering and engineering mechanics is and can beabout.Civil engineering is a professional engineering discipline thatdeals with the design, construction, and maintenance of thephysical and naturally built environment, including works likeroads, bridges, canals, dams, and buildings. Civil engineering isthe second-oldest engineering discipline after militaryengineering, and it is defined to distinguish non-militaryengineering from military engineering. It is traditionally brokeninto several sub-disciplines including architectural engineering,environmental engineering, geotechnical engineering, geophysics,geodesy, control engineering, structural engineering, earthquakeengineering, transportation engineering, earth science, atmosphericsciences, forensic engineering, municipal or urban engineering,water resources engineering, materials engineering, offshoreengineering, aerospace engineering, quantity surveying, coastalengineering, surveying, and construction engineering. Civilengineering takes place in the public sector from municipal throughto national governments, and in the private sector from individualhomeowners through to international companies

Diabetes mellitus (DM), commonly referred toas diabetes, is a group of metabolic diseases in which there arehigh blood sugar levels over a prolonged period. Symptoms of highblood sugar include frequent urination, increased thirst, andincreased hunger. If left untreated, diabetes can cause manycomplications. Acute complications include diabetic ketoacidosisand nonketotic hyperosmolar coma. Serious long-term complicationsinclude cardiovascular disease, stroke, kidney failure, foot ulcersand damage to the eyes.Diabetes is due to either the pancreas not producing enoughinsulin or the cells of the body not responding properly to theinsulin produced. There are three main types of diabetesmellitus:Type 1 DM results from the body's failure to produce enoughinsulin. This form was previously referred to as "insulin-dependentdiabetes mellitus" (IDDM) or "juvenile diabetes". The cause isunknown.Type 2 DM begins with insulin resistance, a condition in whichcells fail to respond to insulin properly. As the diseaseprogresses a lack of insulin may also develop. This form waspreviously referred to as "non insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus"(NIDDM) or "adult-onset diabetes". The primary cause is excessivebody weight and not enough exercise.Gestational diabetes, is the third main form and occurs whenpregnant women without a previous history of diabetes develop ahigh blood glucose level.Prevention and treatment involves a healthy diet, physicalexercise, not using tobacco and being a normal body weight. Bloodpressure control and proper foot care are also important for peoplewith the disease. Type 1 diabetes must be managed with insulininjections. Type 2 diabetes may be treated with medications with orwithout insulin. Insulin and some oral medications can cause lowblood sugar. Weight loss surgery in those with obesity is aneffective measure in those with type 2 DM. Gestational diabetesusually resolves after the birth of the baby.Diabetes is a condition where the amount of glucose in yourblood is too high because the body cannot use it properly.This is because your pancreas doesn’t produce any insulin, or notenough insulin, to help glucose enter your body’s cells – or theinsulin that is produced does not work properly (known as insulinresistance).People (usually with type 1 diabetes) may also experienceepisodes of diabetic ketoacidosis, a type of metabolic problemscharacterized by nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain, the smell ofacetone on the breath, deep breathing known as Kussmaul breathing,and in severe cases a decreased level of consciousness.All forms of diabetes increase the risk of long-termcomplications. These typically develop after many years (10–20),but may be the first symptom in those who have otherwise notreceived a diagnosis before that time.The primary microvascular complications of diabetes includedamage to the eyes, kidneys, and nerves. Damage to the eyes, knownas diabetic retinopathy, is caused by damage to the blood vesselsin the retina of the eye, and can result in gradual vision loss andpotentially blindness. Damage to the kidneys, known as diabeticnephropathy, can lead to tissue scarring, urine protein loss, andeventually chronic kidney disease, sometimes requiring dialysis orkidney transplant. Damage to the nerves of the body, known asdiabetic neuropathy, is the most common complication of diabetes.The symptoms can include numbness, tingling, pain, and altered painsensation, which can lead to damage to the skin. Diabetes-relatedfoot problems may occur, and can be difficult to treat,occasionally requiring amputation. Additionally, proximal diabeticneuropathy causes painful muscle wasting and weakness.There is a link between cognitive deficit and diabetes. Comparedto those without diabetes, those with the disease have a 1.2 to1.5-fold greater rate of decline in cognitive function.

Biotechnology is the use of living systems andorganisms to develop or make useful products, or "any technologicalapplication that uses biological systems, living organisms orderivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes forspecific use" (UN Convention on Biological Diversity, Art. 2).Depending on the tools and applications, it often overlaps with the(related) fields of bioengineering and biomedical engineering.For thousands of years, humankind has used biotechnology inagriculture, food production, and medicine. The term itself islargely believed to have been coined in 1919 by Hungarian engineerKároly Ereky. In the late 20th and early 21st century,biotechnology has expanded to include new and diverse sciences suchas genomics, recombinant gene technologies, applied immunology, anddevelopment of pharmaceutical therapies and diagnostic tests.Biotechnology has applications in four major industrial areas,including health care (medical), crop production and agriculture,non food (industrial) uses of crops and other products (e.g.biodegradable plastics, vegetable oil, biofuels), and environmentaluses.For example, one application of biotechnology is the directeduse of organisms for the manufacture of organic products (examplesinclude beer and milk products). Another example is using naturallypresent bacteria by the mining industry in bioleaching.Biotechnology is also used to recycle, treat waste, cleanup sitescontaminated by industrial activities (bioremediation), and also toproduce biological weapons.A series of derived terms have been coined to identify severalbranches of biotechnology; for example:Bioinformatics is an interdisciplinary field which addressesbiological problems using computational techniques, and makes therapid organization as well as analysis of biological data possible.The field may also be referred to as computational biology, and canbe defined as, "conceptualizing biology in terms of molecules andthen applying informatics techniques to understand and organize theinformation associated with these molecules, on a large scale."[14]Bioinformatics plays a key role in various areas, such asfunctional genomics, structural genomics, and proteomics, and formsa key component in the biotechnology and pharmaceuticalsector.Blue biotechnology is a term that has been used to describe themarine and aquatic applications of biotechnology, but its use isrelatively rare.Green biotechnology is biotechnology applied to agriculturalprocesses. An example would be the selection and domestication ofplants via micropropagation. Another example is the designing oftransgenic plants to grow under specific environments in thepresence (or absence) of chemicals. One hope is that greenbiotechnology might produce more environmentally friendly solutionsthan traditional industrial agriculture. An example of this is theengineering of a plant to express a pesticide, thereby ending theneed of external application of pesticides. An example of thiswould be Bt corn. Whether or not green biotechnology products suchas this are ultimately more environmentally friendly is a topic ofconsiderable debate.Red biotechnology is applied to medical processes. Some examplesare the designing of organisms to produce antibiotics, and theengineering of genetic cures through genetic manipulation.White biotechnology, also known as industrial biotechnology, isbiotechnology applied to industrial processes. An example is thedesigning of an organism to produce a useful chemical. Anotherexample is the using of enzymes as industrial catalysts to eitherproduce valuable chemicals or destroy hazardous/pollutingchemicals. White biotechnology tends to consume less in resourcesthan traditional processes used to produce industrial goods

Yoga (Aksara Dewanagari योग) dari bahasaSanskerta (योग) berarti "penyatuan", yang bermakna "penyatuandengan alam" atau "penyatuan dengan Sang Pencipta". Yoga merupakansalah satu dari enam ajaran dalam filsafat Hindu, yangmenitikberatkan pada aktivitas meditasi atau tapa di mana seseorangmemusatkan seluruh pikiran untuk mengontrol panca inderanya dantubuhnya secara keseluruhan.Masyarakat global umumnya mengenal Yoga sebagai aktivitaslatihan utamanya asana (postur) bagian dari Hatta Yoga. Yoga jugadigunakan sebagai salah satu pengobatan alternatif, biasanya halini dilakukan dengan latihan pernapasan, olah tubuh dan meditasi,yang telah dikenal dan dipraktekkan selama lebih dari 5000tahun.Orang yang melakukan tapa yoga disebut yogis, yogin bagipraktisi pria dan yogini bagi praktisi wanita.Sastra Hindu yang memuat ajaran Yoga, diantaranya adalahUpaishad, Bhagavad Gita, Yogasutra, Hatta Yoga serta beberapasastra lainnya.Klasifikasi ajaran Yoga tertuang dalam Bhagavad Gita,diantaranya adalah Karma Yoga/Marga, Jnana Yoga/Marga, BaktiYoga/Marga, Raja Yoga/Marga.Dalam beberapa dekade belakangan ini, Yoga mulai dilirik olehbanyak kalangan untuk berbagai macam tujuan, kebugaran, relaksasi,termasuk menyembuhkan penyakit.Menyembuhkan penyakit sebenarnya hanya sebagian kecil darimanfaat Yoga. Pada dasarnya Yoga dapat dikatakan menyatukan tubuh,pikiran, mental (emosi), dan spirit (jiwa). hal ini dimaksudkansupaya seluruh aspek manusia tersebut dapat bekerja secaraseimbang. Pada tahap selanjutnya Yoga justru akan membawa kitauntuk melampaui batasan – batasan kondisi dengan berbagai macambentuknya yang membuat kita mengalami ketergantungan, bahkan padakeseimbangan sekalipun.Yoga ibarat samudra dengan kedalaman yang tak terbatas. Yogaadalah cara pandang holistic, keseluruhan, totalitas, denganpengertian “Sebuah kesempurnaan yang kita keluarkan darikesempurnaan, tetap akan menjadi sempurna”. Inilah konsep dasarYoga “Dari kesempurnaan untuk mencapai kesempurnaan”.Maharsi Patanjali mengatakan dalam Yoga Sutra, “Yoga adalahjalan untuk mencapai ketenangan pikiran hingga diam”.“Bagai bayangan bulan dalam air, demikianlah Tuhan menampakkandiri – Nya bagi para pelaku Yoga”. Karena itulah para pelaku Yogamembuat permukaan air (pikiran) menjadi tenang.SENI SPIRITUALYoga adalah sebuah seni, namun bukan seni biasa. Yoga adalahseni spiritual, dimana yang dikaji bukan semata – mata fisik saja,namun juga jiwa. Diatas semua itu, yang utama untuk lebih memahamiseni Yoga adalah tindakan atau praktek. Yoga memiliki dua disiplinpraktek, yaitu gerak dan diam.Disiplin gerak berfungsi untuk menguatkan fisik, mengembalikankelenturan otot dan tubuh, serta mengontrol fungsi syaraf dankelenjar. Disiplin gerak ini banyak membantu keseimbangan energidan kenyamanan tubuh untuk kehidupan sehari – hari, bahkan pentinguntuk menormalkan regenerasi sel tubuh.YogaDengan disiplin diam, Yoga memberikan relaksasi, ketenangan,meningkatkan rasa percaya diri dan meningkatkan kemampuan intuisi.Semuanya dapat dicapai dengan meditasi.Manfaat berlatih Yoga yang biasanya diinginkan oleh praktisipemula dan saat ini adalah tubuh sehat, bugar. Padahalsesungguhnya, tujuan Yoga tradisional adalah kebahagiaan.Kebahagiaan tertinggi yang hendak dicapai adalah mencapai kesadarantertinggi atau yang lebih dikenal dengan pencerahan. Jadi, Yogamerupakan latihan fisik yang dipenuhi oleh spiritualitas. Ini lebihdari sekedar memiliki tubuh yang sehat, karena kesehatan tubuhhanyalah salah satu pilar dari kebahagiaan tersebut.Praktek Yoga akan sempurna bila Anda memperhatikan beberapapanduan dan memperoleh bimbingan dari seorang Guru yang kompeten.Shrii Swami Khrishananda – Sekretaris Jenderal The Divine LifeSociety, Rishikesh-India, mengatakan : “Yoga tidak dapat dipelajaritanpa adanya seorang guru”.(STS)

AustraliaThe Australian women take care of their skin to stay young with thehelp of tea tree oil. This oil makes all skin disorders soresolved. Simply by way of tea tree oil dripping into cleansers ormoisturizers to use. If hair dandruff, they have oil dripping intothe shampoo to wash. Dandruff can be lost !. The girls in Australialikes to wear sandals that expose the beauty of the foot. To makeyour stay wonderful legs, they apply to the foot avocadorough.Beauty is something that is possessed by every woman. There arealready reflected, however, some are still hidden. With treatment,all women are able to highlight its beauty. The women from variousparts of the world have a natural beauty rituals are different fromeach other.SpainSecrets of beautiful Spanish woman's hair is in Cranberry juice.They use this juice to wash it after they cleaned the hair withshampoo. The trick, mix 1/4 cup cranberry juice with 1/4 cup ofwater, then wash hair with the mixture., To get rid of dark circlesin the eye, woman Spain gluing thin potato slices on their eyes for10 minutes.ChinaWhen the skin dries, the Chinese women use olive oil to moisten.Olive oil is applied onto dry skin several times a day. Olive oilcan also be used to subdue wild hair child. The trick, put a littleolive oil to the comb before combing.EgyptTo make teeth whiter, Egyptian women using a mixture of baking sodaand coarse grain of salt. After mixing it in the fingertips, theyrub it into the surface of the tooth. Another way is with atoothbrush dipped in a mixture of baking soda and salt, then theybrush their teeth with the toothbrush.BrazilBrazilian women use beach sand to get rid of dead skin cells fromtheir bodies? How, by taking a handful of sand, and then rubbedinto the body!Scandinavian(Norway, Iceland, Denmark, Sweden and Finland)Scandinavian women know very well the importance of water. Theydrank 2 liters of water every day and cold mineral water splashedinto their faces 15 to 20 times a day. This way they can reach theskin beauty.IndiaIndian woman thicken and strengthen hair with the help of coconutoil. Started by massaging the scalp with coconut oil mixed warmwater. Let stand overnight and washed hair the next day.JamaicaBanana skin is very valuable for Jamaican women. They use this skinto protect their faces from the sun and take care of the burnedskin. The trick is quite simple, banana skins rubbed into the wholeface. This trick is also known to treat acne!TaiwanTaiwanese woman happy tea to maintain the beauty of the skin. Theyused the tea to treat sunburns. Simply by applying tea used to theburned area.PolishHoney is the secret of women in Poland to moisturize the face. Theysmear honey all over your face and then clean it after a while.They also use honey to soften lips.

Need to lose weight? Before you give up thelate night munching and go on a no-fat detox frenzy to kick yoursluggish metabolism into shape, read what the experts have to sayabout these popular dieting myths.Leading dietician Lyndel Costain says: 'People tend to thinkthey need a low-fat diet to lose weight, but you should still havea third of your calories coming from fat.'The body needs fat for energy, tissue repair and to transportvitamins A, D, E and K around the body.Lyndel Costain adds: 'As a guideline, women need 70g of fat a day(95g for men) with 30g as the minimum (40g for men).'There's no need to follow a fat-free diet. Cutting down onsaturated fats and eating unsaturated fats, found in things likeolive oil and avocados, will help.This may be true in the short term, but ultimately it can hinderweight loss.Claire MacEvilly, a nutritionist at the MRC Human NutritionResearch Centre in Cambridge, explains: 'Losing weight over thelong term burns off fat. Crash dieting or fasting not only removesfat but also lean muscle and tissue.'The loss of lean muscle causes a fall in your basal metabolic rate– the amount of calories your body needs on a daily basis.This means your body will need fewer calories than it didpreviously, making weight gain more likely once you stopdieting.It's also why exercise is recommended in any weight-loss plan tobuild muscle and maintain your metabolic rate.Claire MacEvilly adds: 'Fasting can also make you feel dizzy orweak so it's much better to try long-term weight loss.'Many diets tell you not to eat after a certain time in theevening. They say the body will store more fat because it is notburned off with any activity.A study at the Dunn Nutrition Centre in Cambridge suggestsotherwise.Volunteers were placed in a whole body calorimeter, which measurescalories burned and stored.They were fed with a large lunch and small evening meal for onetest period, then a small lunch and large evening meal during asecond test period.The results revealed the large meal eaten late at night did notmake the body store more fat.It's not when you eat that's important, but the total amount youconsume in a 24-hour period.Lyndel Costain adds: 'It is true that people who skip meals duringthe day, then eat loads in the evening are more likely to beoverweight than those who eat regularly throughout the day.'This may be because eating regular meals helps people regulatetheir appetite and overall food intake.'

The name calorie is used for two unitsofenergy.The small calorie or gram calorie (symbol: cal) istheapproximate amount of energy needed to raise the temperature ofonegram of water by one degree Celsius at a pressure ofoneatmosphere.[1]The large calorie, kilogram calorie, dietary calorie,nutritionist'scalorie, nutritional calorie, Calorie (capital C)[2]or food calorie(symbol: Cal) is approximately the amount of energyneeded to raisethe temperature of one kilogram of water by onedegree Celsius. Thelarge calorie is thus equal to 1000 smallcalories or onekilocalorie (symbol: kcal).[1]Although these units are part of the metric system, they havebeensuperseded in the International System of Units by the joule.Onesmall calorie is approximately 4.2 joules (so one large calorieisabout 4.2 kilojoules). The factor used to convert caloriestojoules at a given temperature is numerically equivalent tothespecific heat capacity of water expressed in joules per kelvinpergram or per kilogram. The precise conversion factor depends onthedefinition adopted.In spite of its non-official status, the large calorie isstillwidely used as a unit of food energy in the US, UK and someotherWestern countries. The small calorie is also often usedformeasurements in chemistry, although the amounts involvedaretypically recorded in kilocalories.In scientific contexts, the term calorie almost always referstothe small calorie. Even though it is not an SI unit, it isstillused in chemistry. For example, the energy released in achemicalreaction per mole of reagent is occasionally expressedinkilocalories per mole. Traditionally, this use was largely duetothe ease with which it could be calculated in laboratoryreactions,especially in aqueous solution: a volume of reagentdissolved inwater forming a solution, with concentration expressedin moles perliter (1 liter weighing 1 kg), will induce atemperature change indegrees Celsius in the total volume of watersolvent, and thesequantities (volume, molar concentration andtemperature change) canthen be used to calculate energy per mole.It is also occasionallyused to specify energy quantities thatrelate to reaction energy,such as enthalpy of formation and thesize of activationbarriers.[citation needed] However, its use isbeing superseded bythe SI unit, the joule, and multiples thereofsuch as thekilojoule.

Corporate development refers to theplanningand execution of a wide range of strategies to meetspecificorganizational objectives. The kinds of activities fallingundercorporate development may include initiatives such asrecruitmentof a new management team, plans for phasing in or out ofcertainmarkets or products, considering a partner for astrategicalliance, establishing relationships with strategicbusinesspartners, identifying and acquiring companies, securingfinancing,divesting of assets or divisions, increasing intellectualpropertyassets and so on. There is no formula for "corporatedevelopment"and the activities encompassed are often the role ofthe CEO orother executives or experienced business consultants.One of the manifestations of corporate development has to dowithreshaping the management arm of the corporation. This mayinvolve aprocess of phasing certain management positions out ofthe existingstructure or creating new positions in an effort tostrengthen themanagement team. As part of this type of approach,corporatedevelopment may also demand that one or more currentmanagers arereleased from the company and replaced with people whopossessskills required to move the company forward. When this isthe case,the corporate development team will handle the functionsofrecruitment and evaluation of potential hires.

Sport is one of the things required to bedonefor those who want to be healthy life. However, many peopleareforced to do not have time to do so because of constraintsoractivities of daily work.Actually, the sport does not have to do with weight or shouldbedone outdoors. Actual exercise can be done anywhere and anytime.Inaddition, to get the maximum results also do not need to exercisealong time because a lot of people who think that the sportshouldbe football or basketball.Also read:Seeing Benefits Outstanding SportsSports Time it Takes More BenefitsEffective Sports Lose Weight And SaveThough exercise can be done in the house and a short time. Donotbelieve? Well, the following will explain the various kindsofsports in the house which is quite fun.1. JoggingFor this kind of sport in the first house was jogging. Maybe alotof people who think that jogging should be done outdoorswhilejogging can be done indoors as it surrounds the house or withthewalk slowly in front of the television.78484269 XS 300x199 Idea Good Idea For Sports In HouseIt is quite easy and you certainly will sweat doing it.2. SquatFor this kind of sport in the next house is the squat. Squat isaposition like when you want to sit. You do this by bendingyourknees slowly and open your legs shoulder width apartwith.211 images Idea Good Idea For Sports In HouseAfter that, stand up slowly with caution. Then keep your backbent.Perform continuously and slowly to get maximum results. Thesquatexercise is very suitable to tighten and strengthen the legsandbuttocks.I personally like the squat exercise, including push-ups andsit-upsfor not having to go out and can be done at homeeverymorning.But what can motivate us to continue to exercise like this? Thisiswhat I was looking for, if you android users, it candownloadruntastic squats, runtastic push-ups, sit-ups or runtastic.Theapplication can help you to stay motivated to exercise.3. DancingPerhaps many people think dancing is something that relates totheart of motion. However, this dance can also be used as asolutionto healthy sport, particularly sport in the house.22 images Idea Good Idea For Sports In HouseTo add to a sense of your spirit dance and accompanied bymusic.Keep in mind that dancing can burn 130-150 calories inthebody.4. Up and down stairsFor this kind of sport in the last house is going up anddownstairs. With the up and down stairs is confirmed you willsweat.Even burning calories from up and down the stairs is greaterthanjogging.article 4 300x255 Idea Good Idea For Sports In HouseFrom the above explanation can be concluded that exercise doesnothave to be done outdoors. But it can be done anywhere andinaccordance with our wishes.

In nutrition, diet is the sum of foodconsumedby a person or other organism. Dietary habits are thehabitualdecisions an individual or culture makes when choosing whatfoodsto eat. The word diet often implies the use of specific intakeofnutrition for health or weight-management reasons (with thetwooften being related). Although humans are omnivores, eachcultureand each person holds some food preferences or some foodtaboos.This may be due to personal tastes or ethical reasons.Individualdietary choices may be more or less healthy.Proper nutrition requires ingestion and absorption ofvitamins,minerals, and food energy in the form of carbohydrates,proteins,and fats. Dietary habits and choices play a significantrole in thequality of life, health and longevity. It can definecultures andplay a role in religion.Many people choose to forgo food from animal sources tovaryingdegrees (e.g. flexitarianism, vegetarianism,veganism,fruitarianism) for health reasons, issues surroundingmorality, orto reduce their personal impact on the environment,although someof the public assumptions about which diets have lowerimpacts areknown to be incorrect. Raw foodism is anothercontemporary trend.These diets may require tuning orsupplementation such as vitaminsto meet ordinary nutritionalneeds.A particular diet may be chosen to seek weight loss orweightgain. Changing a subject's dietary intake, or "going on adiet",can change the energy balance and increase or decrease theamountof fat stored by the body. Some foods are specificallyrecommended,or even altered, for conformity to the requirements ofa particulardiet. These diets are often recommended in conjunctionwithexercise. Specific weight loss programs can be harmful tohealth,while others may be beneficial (and can thus be coined ashealthydiets). The terms "healthy diet" and "diet for weightmanagement"are often related, as the two promote healthy weightmanagement.Having a healthy diet is a way to prevent healthproblems, and willprovide your body with the right balance ofvitamins, minerals, andother nutrients.A healthy diet is one that helps maintain or improveoverallhealth. A healthy diet provides the body with essentialnutrition:fluid, adequate essential amino acids from protein,essential fattyacids, vitamins, minerals, and adequate calories.The requirementsfor a healthy diet can be met from a variety ofplant-based andanimal-based foods. A healthy diet supports energyneeds andprovides for human nutrition without exposure to toxicityorexcessive weight gain from consuming excessive amounts. Wherelackof calories is not an issue, a properly balanced diet (inadditionto exercise) is also thought to be important for loweringhealthrisks, such as obesity, heart disease, type 2diabetes,hypertension and cancer.Various nutrition guides are published by medicalandgovernmental institutions to educate the public on what theyshouldbe eating to promote health. Nutrition facts labels arealsomandatory in some countries to allow consumers to choosebetweenfoods based on the components relevant to health.

A quiz is a form of game or sport of themindin which the players (as individuals or in teams) attempt toanswerquestions correctly. In some countries, a quiz is also abriefassessment used in education and similar fields to measuregrowthin knowledge, abilities, and/or skills.Quizzes are usually scored in points and many quizzesaredesigned to determine a winner from a group of participants-usually the participant with the highest score.Quizzes may be held on a variety of subjects (generalknowledge,'pot luck') or subject-specific. The format of the quizcan alsovary widely. Popularly known competition quizzesincludePub quizzesQuiz bowlin Australia:Music for the Missionin Belgium:Belgian Style Quizzingin Canada:Reach for the Topin India:see Quizzing in India, for a discussion on the specific evolutionofthe quizzing culture in Indiain Lithuania:Protmušisin the United Kingdom:British Quizzing Championships, annual national tournament inGreatBritainUniversity Challenge (televised)Schools' Challengein the United States:College BowlNational Academic Quiz TournamentsAcademic Competition FederationIndividual quiz tournamentsin multiple countries:World Quizzing ChampionshipsEuropean Quizzing Championshipsin the United Kingdom:Mastermind (televised)Bait Bazi poetic quiz in PakistanBoard games:Trivial PursuitBezzerwizzerTV quizzes, also called quiz shows (game shows TV/radio)Quiz Call phone-in television showJeopardy!Who Wants to be a MillionaireThe Weakest LinkBBC's MasterMindBait Bazi poetic quizBamboozle!, a teletext quiz on UK TVOnline quizBlog QuizSee also:Quiz leagueQuiz machineThe largest quiz, according to Guinness, was the "Quiz forLife",held at the Flanders Expo Halls in Ghent, Belgium, on 11December2010 with 2,280 participants. The winning team Café DeKastaar fromLeuven was composed of Marnix Baes, Erik Derycke, EricHemelaers,Bart Permentier and Tom Trogh.In an educational context, a quiz is usually a form of astudentassessment, but often has fewer questions of lesserdifficulty andrequires less time for completion than a test.[3]This use istypically found in the US, Canada, and some colleges inIndia. Forinstance, in a mathematics classroom, a quiz maycheckcomprehension of a type of mathematical exercise. A "pop quiz"is aquiz that students are given no time to prepare for; theyaresimply surprised with it in class.Additionally, a personality quiz may be a seriesofmultiple-choice questions about the respondent without rightorwrong answers. The responses to these questions aretalliedaccording to a key, and the result purports to reveal somequalityof the respondent. This kind of "quiz" was originallypopularizedby women's magazines such as Cosmopolitan. They havesince becomecommon on the Internet, where the result page typicallyincludescode which can be added to a blog entry to publicize theresult.These postings are common on LiveJournal.There are also many online quizzes. Many webmasters havequizsections on their websites and forums; for instance, phpBB2 hasoneMOD (modification) which allows users to submit quizzes, calledtheUltimate Quiz MOD.[4]The results of online quizzes are generally to be takenlightly,as they do not often reflect the true personality orrelationship.They are also rarely psychometrically valid. However,they mayoccasion reflection on the subject of the quiz and provideaspringboard for a person to explore his or her emotions,beliefs,or actions.Test (student assessment)

Diabetes mellitus (DM), commonly referred toasdiabetes, is a group of metabolic diseases in which there arehighblood sugar levels over a prolonged period. Symptoms of highbloodsugar include frequent urination, increased thirst, andincreasedhunger. If left untreated, diabetes can cause manycomplications.Acute complications include diabetic ketoacidosisand nonketotichyperosmolar coma. Serious long-term complicationsincludecardiovascular disease, stroke, kidney failure, foot ulcersanddamage to the eyes.Diabetes is due to either the pancreas not producingenoughinsulin or the cells of the body not responding properly totheinsulin produced. There are three main types ofdiabetesmellitus:Type 1 DM results from the body's failure to produceenoughinsulin. This form was previously referred to as"insulin-dependentdiabetes mellitus" (IDDM) or "juvenile diabetes".The cause isunknown.Type 2 DM begins with insulin resistance, a condition in whichcellsfail to respond to insulin properly. As the diseaseprogresses alack of insulin may also develop. This form waspreviously referredto as "non insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus"(NIDDM) or"adult-onset diabetes".Prevention and treatment involves a healthy diet,physicalexercise, not using tobacco and being a normal body weight.Bloodpressure control and proper foot care are also important forpeoplewith the disease. Type 1 diabetes must be managed withinsulininjections. Type 2 diabetes may be treated with medicationswith orwithout insulin. Insulin and some oral medications can causelowblood sugar. Weight loss surgery in those with obesity isaneffective measure in those with type 2 DM. Gestationaldiabetesusually resolves after the birth of the baby.The classic symptoms of untreated diabetes are weightloss,polyuria (frequent urination), polydipsia (increased thirst),andpolyphagia (increased hunger). Symptoms may develop rapidly(weeksor months) in type 1 diabetes, while they usually developmuch moreslowly and may be subtle or absent in type 2 diabetes.Several other signs and symptoms can mark the onset ofdiabetes,although they are not specific to the disease. In additionto theknown ones above, they include blurry vision, headache,fatigue,slow healing of cuts, and itchy skin. Prolonged high bloodglucosecan cause glucose absorption in the lens of the eye, whichleads tochanges in its shape, resulting in vision changes. A numberof skinrashes that can occur in diabetes are collectively knownasdiabetic dermadromes.People (usually with type 1 diabetes) may alsoexperienceepisodes of diabetic ketoacidosis, a type of metabolicproblemscharacterized by nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain, thesmell ofacetone on the breath, deep breathing known as Kussmaulbreathing,and in severe cases a decreased level ofconsciousness.A rare but equally severe possibility is hyperosmolarnonketoticstate, which is more common in type 2 diabetes and ismainly theresult of dehydration.Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by loss oftheinsulin-producing beta cells of the islets of Langerhans inthepancreas, leading to insulin deficiency. This type can befurtherclassified as immune-mediated or idiopathic. The majority oftype 1diabetes is of the immune-mediated nature, in whichaT-cell-mediated autoimmune attack leads to the loss of betacellsand thus insulin. It causes approximately 10% of diabetesmellituscases in North America and Europe. Most affected peopleareotherwise healthy and of a healthy weight when onsetoccurs.Sensitivity and responsiveness to insulin are usuallynormal,especially in the early stages. Type 1 diabetes can affectchildrenor adults, but was traditionally termed "juvenile diabetes"becausea majority of these diabetes cases were in children.