20.0.0 / September 23, 2020
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Description

Butterflies are insects in the macrolepidopteran cladeRhopalocerafrom the order Lepidoptera, which also includes moths.Adultbutterflies have large, often brightly coloured wings,andconspicuous, fluttering flight. The group comprises thelargesuperfamily Papilionoidea, which contains at least oneformergroup, the skippers (formerly the superfamily "Hesperioidea")andthe most recent analyses suggest it also containsthemoth-butterflies (formerly the superfamily "Hedyloidea").Butterflyfossils date to the Paleocene, which was about 56 millionyearsago. Butterflies have the typical four-stage insect lifecycle.Winged adults lay eggs on the food plant on which theirlarvae,known as caterpillars, will feed. The caterpillars grow,sometimesvery rapidly, and when fully developed, pupate in achrysalis. Whenmetamorphosis is complete, the pupal skin splits,the adult insectclimbs out, and after its wings have expanded anddried, it fliesoff. Some butterflies, especially in the tropics,have severalgenerations in a year, while others have a singlegeneration, and afew in cold locations may take several years topass through theirentire life cycle. Butterflies are oftenpolymorphic, and manyspecies make use of camouflage, mimicry andaposematism to evadetheir predators. Some, like the monarch and thepainted lady,migrate over long distances. Many butterflies areattacked byparasites or parasitoids, including wasps, protozoans,flies, andother invertebrates, or are preyed upon by otherorganisms. Somespecies are pests because in their larval stagesthey can damagedomestic crops or trees; other species are agents ofpollination ofsome plants. Larvae of a few butterflies (e.g.,harvesters) eatharmful insects, and a few are predators of ants,while others liveas mutualists in association with ants.Culturally, butterflies area popular motif in the visual andliterary arts. Support Language:- català - Čeština - Deutsch -English - Español - فارْسِى - suomi- français - Magyar - italiano -japanese - lietuvių - Nederlands -Norsk - polski - Portuguךs

App Information Butterfly

  • App Name
    Butterfly
  • Package Name
    com.butterfly.book
  • Updated
    September 23, 2020
  • File Size
    26M
  • Requires Android
    Android 4.4 and up
  • Version
    20.0.0
  • Developer
    Helpful Books
  • Installs
    5,000+
  • Price
    Free
  • Category
    Books & Reference
  • Developer
  • Google Play Link

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Music theory is the study of the practices and possibilitiesofmusic. The Oxford Companion to Music describes threeinterrelateduses of the term "music theory": The first is what isotherwisecalled 'rudiments', currently taught as the elements ofnotation,of key signatures, of time signatures, of rhythmicnotation, and soon. The second is the study of writings about musicfrom ancienttimes onwards. The third is an area of currentmusicological studythat seeks to define processes and generalprinciples in music — asphere of research that can be distinguishedfrom analysis in thatit takes as its starting-point not theindividual work orperformance but the fundamental materials fromwhich it is built.Music theory is frequently concerned withdescribing how musiciansand composers make music, including tuningsystems and compositionmethods among other topics. Because of theever-expandingconception of what constitutes music (see Definitionof music), amore inclusive definition could be that music theory istheconsideration of any sonic phenomena, including silence, astheyrelate to music. This is not an absolute guideline for example,thestudy of "music" in the Quadrivium liberal artsuniversitycurriculum that was common in medieval Europe was anabstractsystem of proportions that was carefully studied at adistance fromactual musical practice. However, this medievaldiscipline becamethe basis for tuning systems in later centuries,and it isgenerally included in modern scholarship on the history ofmusictheory. Support Language: - català - Čeština - Dansk - Deutsch-English - Español - finland - français - nork - italiano -Japanese- Nederlands - polski - Português - Svenska - українська